Insights into Uncommon Presentation—Acute T-cell Lymphoma with Mediastinal Mass and Pericardial Effusion: Exploring the Rare Phenomenon of Spontaneous Tumor Lysis
Shivakumar Shivanna, Rajeshwari T Nagaraju, Swapna B Mandala, Rohith G Chitrapur, Indira Menon
Citation Information :
Shivanna S, Nagaraju RT, Mandala SB, Chitrapur RG, Menon I. Insights into Uncommon Presentation—Acute T-cell Lymphoma with Mediastinal Mass and Pericardial Effusion: Exploring the Rare Phenomenon of Spontaneous Tumor Lysis. 2024; 3 (3):57-60.
Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a life-threatening hemato-oncological emergency in which the patient presents with severe metabolic derangements that include hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperkalemia, and hypocalcemia. However, very rarely, a highly aggressive neoplasm such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or Burkitt lymphoma can present with spontaneous TLS. Preventive actions can reduce its prevalence and severity. Here, we present a male patient who was admitted to the intensive care unit with unspecific symptoms and hidden malignancy. On further evaluation, the patient had hyperphosphatemia, hyperuricemia, a large mediastinal mass, pericardial effusion, and left-sided massive pleural effusion and was also found to be in spontaneous TLS. On further evaluation, the patient was diagnosed with acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia.
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