Citation Information :
A Rare Case of successfully treated Double Valve Infective Endocarditis Due to Burkholderia cepacia Infection. 2022; 1 (3):61-64.
Introduction: Infective endocarditis is an emerging disease in ICU settings with high morbidity and in hospital mortality of up to 20%. Staphylococci and Streptococci are the most common organism causing the disease. Diagnosis and management of Infective endocarditis is challenging because of the pre-existing illness and complex nature of the disease at presentation to ICU.
Case description: We present, a rare case of double valve infective endocarditis in a 48-year-old diabetic patient with Burkholderia cepacia infection who presented as febrile illness with cardio-respiratory failure. This organism is gaining importance with the increasing rate of nosocomial infections. In view of virulent multi-drug resistant organism, large vegetations, cardiogenic shock and dual valve involvement, patient underwent surgical intervention along with prolonged course of appropriate antibiotic therapy.
Discussion:Burkholderia cepacia infections are rare and are usually nosocomial, multi-drug resistant and commonly causing infections only in the immunocompromised hosts, patients with granulomatous disease and hospitalized patients. Management includes correct identification with high index of suspicion, appropriate antibiotic with early surgical intervention, especially in the setting of a complicated Infective endocarditis, as seen in our case.
Conclusion: A multidisciplinary team approach with antibiotics and appropriate timing of surgery helps to reduce morbidity, mortality and improves clinical outcomes.
Gupta A, Gupta A, Kaul U, et al. Infective endocarditis in an Indian setup: are we entering the ‘modern’ era? Indian J Crit Care Med 2013;17(3):140–107. DOI: 10.4103/0972-5229.117041
Duval X, Delahaye F, Alla F, et al. Temporal trends in infective endocarditis in the context of prophylaxis guideline modifications: three successive population-based surveys. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012;59(22):1968–1976. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.02.029
Mahenthiralingam E, Vandamme P. Taxonomy and pathogenesis of the Burkholderia cepacia complex. Chron Respir Dis 2005;2(4):209–217. DOI: 10.1191/1479972305cd053ra
Peetermans WE, Hill EE, Herijgers P, et al. Nosocomial infective endocarditis: should the definition be extended to 6 months after discharge. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008;14(10):970–973. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02057.x
Habib G, Lancellotti P, Iung B. 2015 ESC guidelines on the management of infective endocarditis: a big step forward for an old disease. Heart 2016;102(13):992–994. DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308791
Sharma V, Candilio L, Hausenloy DJ. Infective endocarditis: An intensive care perspective. Trends in Anaes and Crit Care 2012;2(1):36–41. DOI: 10.1016/j.tacc.2011.11.004
Habib G, Hoen B, Tornos P, et al. Guidelines on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infective endocarditis (new version 2009): the task force on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infective endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed by the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) and the International Society of Chemotherapy (ISC) for infection and cancer. Eur Heart J 2009;30(19):2369–2413. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehp285
Prendergast BD, Tornos P. Surgery for infective endocarditis: who and when? Circulation 2010;121(9):1141–1152. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.773598
Pettersson GB, Hussain ST. Current AATS guidelines on surgical treatment of infective endocarditis. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2019;8(6):630–644. DOI: 10.21037/acs.2019.10.05
Leroy O, Georges H, Devos P, et al. Infective endocarditis requiring ICU admission: epidemiology and prognosis. Ann Intensive Care 2015;5(1):45. DOI: 10.1186/s13613-015-0091-7